The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is considering introducing two levels—standard and advanced—for science and social science in Classes 9 and 10, officials said. This follows the existing two-level system for mathematics in Class 10. The proposal, approved by the curriculum committee, aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) but awaits final approval from the board’s governing body.

The NEP suggests offering subjects at two levels to accommodate different learning aptitudes, starting with mathematics. Currently, CBSE provides the same syllabus for both basic and standard mathematics, but the board exam questions vary in difficulty. The standard level is aimed at students planning to pursue higher studies in mathematics, while the basic level caters to those not intending to specialize in the subject. This model could soon be extended to science and social science, providing students with a tailored learning experience based on their interests and capabilities.

A senior CBSE official explained that introducing two levels for science and social science would allow students with an aptitude for these subjects to study them in greater depth, preparing them for advanced courses in Class 11. “This approach aims to reduce academic pressure and give students a chance to explore subjects at their own pace. It also aligns with the NEP’s focus on a more flexible and student-centered learning environment,” the official added.

The timeline for implementation is uncertain, as NCERT textbooks under the New Curriculum Framework (NCF) are not yet ready. The board is working closely with NCERT to ensure that the new curriculum meets the required standards and is accessible to all students. Additionally, CBSE has yet to finalize plans for biannual board exams, initially set for the 2024-25 session but now delayed. The proposed reforms stem from recommendations by a national steering committee led by former ISRO chairman K. Kasturirangan, aiming to modernize education in line with NEP 2020.

The NCF also proposes a semester system for Classes 11 and 12, which would allow for more continuous and comprehensive assessments. This system is designed to better evaluate students’ understanding and reduce the stress associated with high-stakes, end-of-year exams. The changes reflect a broader effort to make India’s education system more inclusive, adaptive, and focused on holistic development. CBSE officials emphasized that while logistical challenges remain, the proposed changes could significantly enhance the quality and flexibility of secondary education in India.

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